Blacksmith s forge



-NozModem 2 sheets-sheen 1. f J. KERWIN.

BL'AGKSMITHS FORGE. No. 549,605. Patented Nov. 12, 1895.

J//JZWESSES IN1/EMU@ .By wiiomey ANDREW E.GRAHAM.PHOTO'UTHQWASHINGTYJN DC (No Model.) Y 2 sheets-sheet 2.

' J KERWIN.- i BLACKSMITHS FORGE.

. WITNESSES [N2/WWU@ By Homey UNITED STATES 'PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN KERVVIN, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

BLAcKsM ITHs Fone E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of ALetters Patent No. 549,605, dated November 12, 1895. Application iedrecember 31,1894.. saturo. 533,375. momma.)

tains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in a blacksmiths forge, having for its object greater simplicity, efficiency,

and economy than have heretofore been found' in devices lof this class. i Y

My invention consists of the construction, combination', and arrangement of devices hereinafter described and claimed, and illus-v trated in the accompanying drawings, in

which- Figure l is a viewin perspective illustrat ing my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 8 3, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is an inverted plan view showing parts in section. Figj is a detail view in cross-section on the line 5 5, Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a detail view illustrating the manner offulcruming the operatinglever- My invention has special reference as one of its chief features to the construction of the bellows.

In the drawings, A represents a metallic shell or case, preferably made of sheet metal, of tubular form. inclosure of the bellows and is extendedtherebeneath to constitute, also, a support for the device, the case being projected, also, above the bellows to support the air-tube and Vbed hereinafter described. IVhile the case A forms the surrounding side wall of the bellows, I engagetherewithin, toward the lower end of the case, a movable head'B, having a flexible engagement at its periphery with the inner periphery of the case adjacent thereto; as by means of an intervening suitable flexi` ble fabric B. To engage said fabric'with the case,- I preferto employ an inner hoop B2, clamping the outer edge of the fabric B between it and the inner face of the case, the hoop B2 preferably being bolted' to the case,

This case forms the side as indicated at b. The inner edge of the fabric B maybe similarly engaged to the periphery of the head B, as by means of a hoop B3, clamping the inner edge of the fabric between it and the head, the hoop B5 being bolted to the head. The head B is provided with a suitable valve B4.

Y C denotes ahead, forming the top of the bellows, t-he same being flexibly engaged with the inner face of the case A, as by means of a suitable fabric C. This fabric C may be united to the case A by means of a hoop O2, clamping the fabric between it and the case, Vthe hoop C2 being bolted to the case, as shown at c. The inner edge of the fabric C may be united to the periphery of the head O in the same manner as the fabric B is engaged to its head, as by means of a clamping-hook C3.

.o Between the heads B and C, I locate a diaphragm D, which may be supported upon an inner hoop D2, bolted to the case A. This diaphragm D is provided with a valve D.

' The head O is preferably weighted, as by weight O4, of any desired heft.

E denotes the bed-plate of the forge, forming a cover over the case A, but spaced therefrom to allow a free circulation of air there under, said bed-plate being preferably supportedrupon the casc A by means of intervening brackets A'. The bed-plate E is depressed at the center, as indicated at E', and is provided with an orifice e therethrough.

IVith the lower head B of the bellows is engaged a lever F, connected at one extremity, as by a rod F', to an operating-lever or bar F2, fulcrumed in any desired manner, as at f, upon a standard F3, supported upon the bed-plate E.

The lever F is preferably bifurcated at the endopposite the rod F', the two forks F4 and F5 being 4fulcrumed at their outer extremities upon a bracket G, engaged upon the case A,

` f indicating the point of fulcrum.

The case A is constructed with verticallyelongated slots a a to permit the movement of the forks F4 F5. Said forks are engaged with the head B by means -of intervening brackets H Il.

Between the head G and the diaphragm D is formed the inflating-chamber C5 of the bellows, the head C being shown in its iniated position in dotted lines, Fig. 3. It will be IOO apparent that on manipulating the lever F2 air will be forced into the chamber J between the lower head B and the diaphragm D, the air passing from the chamber J into the chamber C5 through the valve D', said latter valve preventing the escape of air from the chamber C5 therethrough.

Communicating with the chamber C5 of the bellows is a pipe K.

L is a pipe supported at its extremities near the upper end of the case A. One end of the pipe L is connected with the pipe K, as by an elbow K', so that air will pass from the cham- CF into the pipe L. The pipe L is constructed with an opening l therein,registering with the opening c in the bed-plate E, and through which air is forced to the fire in the hearth or depressed portion E of the bed-plate E. I design to have the plate E to rest air-tight over the pipe L, and for this purpose I construct the bedeplate E with an arc-shaped bearing FP, forming a concaved seat upon the pipe L, a suitable packing, as indicated at l Z, preferably intervening between the pipe L and the ybearing E2. I design, also, that the left of the plate E shall rest almost or quite entirely upon the pipe L, the brackets A being so adj usted as simply to steady the bed-plate and hold it firmly in position. The heft of the plate E will thus tend to insure an air-tight joint of its bearing E2 upon the pipe L.

It will be specially noticed that the bedplate E is spaced from the case A to allow a free circulation of air under the bed-plate. This bed-plate is supported centrally upon the transverse pipe L, and near its periphery it rests upon the brackets A', leaving a free air-space all around between the top of the case A and the bed-plate to allow a free circulation of air. Vhere the shell is continuous to the top and about the bed of the forge, the shell is inevitably heated to a great extent, in consequence of which the leather or flexible connection of the bellows soon cracks, the heat quickly destroying the leather or analogous fabric, rendering it necessary to often repair the forge and provide new leather. This is the great practical diliculty in forges of this nature heretofore constructed, and my invention is especially intended to overcome this diflicult-y.

The pipe L at its free end I provide with a removable cap L. It will be apparent that when ashes fall through the orifice e into the pipe L they may be readily blown out by removing the cap L and operating the bellows. In the ordinary use of the forge the cap L will be located in place. To keep a fire on the forge, however, when the bellows is not in operation, the cap L may be removed, thereby admitting a draft of air through the adjacent end of the pipe L to the fire to keep the fire alive.

I prefer to locate in the orifice e a spreader e', of any suitable construction, which may conveniently be supported in position by screwing its lower end into the lower portion of the pipe L.

I prefer to engage the lever F2 with the standard F3, as more particularly shown in Fig. 6, the view in Fig. (5 being from a point opposite that shown in Fig. To this end I prefer to curve the standard F3, as indicated in Fig. G, and to form in its outer end a socket f2 to receive the round head of a bolt f3, by which the lever F2 is engaged with the standard F3.

M denotes a hood located upon the bedplate E to carry the products of combustion to an uptake M.

N denotes a coal-box.

It will be seen that the device as so com structed is portable, easily operated, as well as efficient in its operation, and that should either of the flexible fabrics B C become worn out they can readily be renewed by detachin g the bolts by which they are engaged in place with the corresponding head and with the case A.

The device will now be understood.

It is to be observed that as so constructed the flexible fabrics, which may be made of leather or of other suitable material B C, are never creased, either in their location or operation. In the movement of the corresponding heads B C the corresponding fabrics B C move from their inner ledges upward and downward, said fabrics swinging on their outer edges, which are united to the case A. By this construction with fabrics of, say, five inches in width I am enabled to get as good results as are ordinarily obtained in the use of, say, ten inches of fabric, as bellows are ordinarily constructed, while by attaching the fabrics at their outer edges directly to the case I get my bellows the full diameter of the case without any lost space thereabout.

By locating the bracket G outside the case A, as shown, I am enabled to remove the fulcrumed points of the forks F'l F5 from the pivotal connection of said forks with the brackets II ll, as at h 71, by which means I shorten the necessary vertical movement of the forward end of the lever F and a corresponding slot a. This enables me to locate the head B lower than would otherwise be required andto make the forge of just the required height.

lVhiic I have described and entitled my invention as a blacksmiths forge, since it is especially well adapted for a blacksmiths use, yet I would have itunderstood that I contemplate as coming within the scope of my invention any use for which it maybe found adapted, since a portable blast-forge of this description may evidently be used for a variety of purposes, all of which I contemplate as embodied in myinvcntion herein set forth.

In Fig. 3 I have shown a modification in which the elbow K is provided with a valve and with a steam-pipe K2 leading into the pipe L, by which means, if it should be de- IOO IIO

sired, the device may be used as a steamforge simply by closing the valve K3 in said elbow and letting the steam into the pipe L through the pipe K2. The pipe K2 is also provided with a valve K4 to govern the admission of steam therethrough. y

What I claim as my invention 'is- 1. In a forge, the case, the bellows located therein, and the air pipe connected tothe bellows at its lower end, and extending across through the case at its upper end, combined with the bed plate mounted above the top of the case and supported' at its center upon the air pipe; there being a space between the top of the case and the bottom of the bed plate for the free circulation of air, substantially as described.

. 2. In a forge, the bellows located in the case, and the air pipe connected to the bellows at its lower end, and having its upper end extending through the top of the case and forming a support for the center of the bed plate, combined with the case, and the bed plate raised above the case and having its central bottom portion grooved so as to iit over the slotted portion of the pipe; a space being left all around between the top of the case and the under side of the bed plate for the free circulation of air, substantially as set forth.

3. In a forge, the case, provided with slots, the bracket secured to the case at or near the slots, and the pronged lever having its ends projecting through the slots and connected to the underside of the bellows, combined with the bellows, the connecting rod, the hand lever, the support for the lever, and the headed bolt which extends through both the support and the lever, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I sign this speciiication in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN KERWIN. Titnesses O. B. BAENZIGER, M. A. MARTIN. 

